Grade 1 and Grade 2
Commercially pure titanium with excellent corrosion resistance, ductility, and formability.
Titanium Selection Guide
Choose titanium around strength, corrosion, temperature, and fabrication.
Compare commercially pure and alloyed titanium by strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, fatigue, temperature, machining, forming, welding, finishing, and cost.
Selection Overview
Start with the complete service environment.
Titanium is selected when low weight, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, fatigue performance, or elevated-temperature capability justify its material and processing cost. Grade selection should account for strength, ductility, fracture behavior, service environment, machining difficulty, forming limits, welding cleanliness, surface condition, and product availability.
Comparison Criteria
Material families and performance factors to review.
Use consistent technical and sourcing criteria so candidate materials, grades, and suppliers can be compared on the same basis.
Grade 3 and Grade 4
Higher-strength commercially pure grades used where corrosion resistance and strength are both needed.
Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V
The most common titanium alloy, balancing high strength, fatigue, corrosion, and broad availability.
Grade 9
A medium-strength titanium alloy with good formability and use in tubing and fabricated structures.
Beta Titanium Alloys
High-strength alloys with distinctive heat-treatment, forming, and aerospace applications.
Corrosion Performance
Resistance to seawater, chlorides, oxidizing chemicals, and many aggressive environments.
Fabrication Behavior
Low thermal conductivity, galling, springback, tool wear, heat input, and shielding requirements.
Surface and Certification
Pickling, passivation, anodizing, polishing, contamination control, traceability, and specification.
Specification Details
Provide enough information for an accurate material recommendation.
Mechanical Requirements
Define yield strength, fatigue, fracture toughness, stiffness, impact, and service load.
Environment
Identify seawater, chlorides, chemicals, temperature, oxygen, hydrogen, and galvanic contact.
Manufacturing Process
Specify machining, sheet forming, tube fabrication, forging, casting, or additive manufacturing.
Joining Requirements
Include welding process, shielding, cleanliness, filler, heat treatment, and inspection.
Surface and Cleanliness
Clarify oxide removal, pickling, passivation, anodizing, polishing, and contamination limits.
Certification and Traceability
State grade, specification, heat number, mill certificates, testing, and industry requirements.
Selection Workflow
A practical path from operating conditions to material approval.
Define the performance case
Establish strength, weight, corrosion, fatigue, temperature, and regulatory needs.
Select the titanium grade
Match commercially pure or alloyed grades to strength, ductility, and service conditions.
Evaluate fabrication difficulty
Review machining, forming, springback, galling, forging, welding, and heat input.
Specify surface and cleanliness controls
Define oxide removal, contamination prevention, finishing, and inspection.
Confirm availability and total cost
Check product form, certification, lead time, scrap, machining time, and supplier capability.
Continue through the Manufacturing Yield material-guide library.
Use the engineering-materials hub, buying-guide library, glossary, and supplier-selection resources to compare materials and sourcing options consistently.
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